Recombinant HIV-2 Antigen HIV-1 Antigen

 
HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) includes HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is generally considered to be more infectious than HIV-2 subtypes, with a higher lethality rate in untreated cases.

HIV-1 is divided into four groups: Group M (meaning "major"); Group O (meaning "outlier," or beyond where other groups are seen); Group N (meaning "non-M" and "non-O"); and Group P (meaning "pending"). Group M is the major prevalent group, including 11 subtypes: A, B, C, D,
E, F, G, H, I, J and K. Group O was first identified in Cameroon, Africa in 1990, and has been confined to West and Central Africa, such as Cameroon, Gabon, Chad, and other countries.The infection rate of group O is very low compared to the globally widespread HIV-1 group M virus. For example, even in Cameroon, where the largest number of HIV-1 group O infections are found, the infection rate is only about 0.4%, compared to 31.5% for group M. HIV-1 group O viruses are also occasionally found in Western countries, such as France, the United States, and Spain, but are rare overall. Cameroon was discovered in 1998. However, group N viruses are extremely rare, with only 12 cases available in the open literature to date, and all of them originated from Cameroon.

HIV-2 has eight different sequence groups A-H. Groups A and B are the most prevalent, with HIV-2 Group A found mainly in Senegal and Guinea, Group B mainly in Ivory Coast, and all other groups having only one representative strain. HIV-1 is the main prevalent type in China, and 8 subtypes of HIV-1 type A, B (European and American B), B′ (Thai B), C, D, E, F and G have been found, as well as different prevalent recombinant types. a few HIV-2 infections have been found and confirmed in China since 1999 in some areas.

The N-terminal peptide of the HIV-1 gp41/HIV-2 gp36 extracellular domain (trimer) interacts with the C-terminal peptide to form a six-stranded helix bundle. The six-helix bundle structure is extremely antigenic, with antibody titers induced by the HIV six-helix bundle structure in the blood of HIV-infected patients exceeding one to three million. Since the C-terminal heptad repeat region of the extracellular structural domain (C-heptad repeat), especially the N-terminal heptad repeat region (N-heptad repeat), is highly conserved among HIV-1 group M subtypes and HIV-1 group O, and the corresponding amino acid sequence of group N is also highly homologous to group M, this stereo-configurational antigen was selected as the detection antigen for HIV. Recommend