Biopesticide Insecticide Bacterium Bacillus Thuringiensis (BT) Bacteria Thuringiensis

Bacillus thuringiensis, abbreviated as Bt, is an important pathogenic bacteria. It produces toxic proteins during fermentation. These proteins include α-exotoxin, β-exotoxin, γ-exotoxin, δ-endotoxin, unstable exotoxin, and mouse factor exotoxin. These toxins exhibit insecticidal activity against Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Thysanoptera, and Orthoptera insects, as well as mites and nematodes.

The δ-endotoxin is the most important toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis. It serves as the main ingredient in insecticides. This toxin acts on the digestive system of insects through their gastrointestinal tract. As a result, it causes the death of insects, which is known as stomach toxicity. The exotoxins, particularly β-exotoxin, have a broad insecticidal activity. However, their action is slow and is notably effective during the host insect's molting and metamorphosis stages.

Features of Bacillus Thuringiensis

The advantages of **Bacillus thuringiensis** (Bt) are its safety for humans and animals, and its low impact on the ecological environment. It can be used on vegetables, fruit trees, and tea leaves, with pesticide residues not exceeding standards, making it the preferred agent for producing green organic vegetables, fruits, and tea.

Bt has a broad spectrum of insecticidal activity and can be applied to crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, grains, and tea. It effectively controls over 100 types of pests, including armyworms, diamondback moths, cabbage loopers, cutworms, beet armyworms, tobacco budworms, corn borers, rice leaf folders, pink bollworms, and tea tortrix, exhibiting different pathogenic and toxic effects against these insects.

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