China Carbon Stainless Steel Petrochemical Vacuum/Atmospheric Packing/Distillation Tower Column

Principles of Distillation Tower
Distillation is usually carried out in a distillation tower, where the gas-liquid phase undergoes interphase heat and mass transfer through countercurrent contact. The volatile components in the liquid phase enter the gas phase, while the non volatile components in the gas phase enter the liquid phase. Therefore, almost pure volatile components can be obtained at the top of the tower, and almost pure non volatile components can be obtained at the bottom of the tower. The feed liquid is added from the middle of the tower, and the tower section above the feed inlet further thickens the volatile components in the rising steam, which is called the distillation section; The tower section below the feed inlet extracts volatile components from the descending liquid, which is called the distillation section. The steam extracted from the top of the tower is condensed, and a portion of the condensate is returned to the distillation tower as a reflux liquid from the top, while the rest of the distillate is the top product. The liquid from the bottom of the tower is partially gasified by the reboiler, and the vapor rises along the tower. The remaining liquid is used as the bottom product. The ratio of the amount of liquid reflux into the tower at the top to the amount of product at the top is called the reflux ratio, which affects the separation effect and energy consumption of the distillation operation.