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Calibration Type Characteristics
TYPE J (Iron vs Constantan) is used in vacuum, oxidizing, inert or reducing atmospheres. Iron element oxidizes rapidly at
temperatures exceeding 538'C, and therefore heavier gauge wire is recommended for longer life at these temperatures.
TYPE K (CHROMEL vs ALUMEL) is used in oxidizing, inert or dry reducing atmospheres. Exposure to vacuum limited to short time periods. Must be protected from sulfurous and marginally oxidizing atmospheres. Reliable and accurate at high temperatures.
TYPE T (Copper vs Constantan) is used or service in oxidizing, inert or reducing atmospheres or in vacuum. It is highly resistant to corrosion from atmospheric moisture and condensation and exhibits high stability at low temperatures. It is the only type with limits of error guaranteed for cryogenic temperatures.
TYPE E (CHROMEL vs Constantan) may be used in oxidizing, inert or dry reducing atmospheres, or for short periods of time under vacuum. Must be protected from sulfurous and marginally oxidizing atmospheres. Produces the highest EMF per degree o any standardized thermocouple.
- Thermocouple Wire
Type K Thermocouple (Nickel-Chromium / Nickel-Alumel): The type K is the most common type of thermocouple. It's inexpensive, accurate, reliable, and has a wide temperature range. The type K is commonly found in nuclear applications because of its relative radiation hardness. Maximum continuous temperature is around 1,100C.
| Code | Wires component of the thermocouple | |
| +Positive leg | -Negative leg | |
| N | Ni-cr-si (NP) | Ni-si-magnesium (NN) |
| K | Ni-Cr (KP) | Ni-Al(Si) (KN) |
| E | Ni-Cr (EP) | Cu-Ni<constantan> (EN) |
| J | Iron (JP) | Cu-Ni<constantan> (JN) |
| T | Copper (TP) | Cu-Ni<constantan> (TN) |
Thermocouple Variety and Index | ||
Variety | Type | Measurement Range(ºC) |
NiCr-NiSi | K | -200-1300 |
NiCr-CuNi | E | -200-900 |
Fe-CuNi | J | -40-750 |
Cu-CuNi | T | -200-350 |
NiCrSi-NiSi | N | -200-1300 |
NiCr-AuFe0.07 | NiCr-AuFe0.07 | -270-0 |