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Excavator Engine Parts Manual
Introduction---This manual provides a brief introduction to the main parts of an excavator engine, helping you understand their functions and basic characteristics.
Cylinder Block---The cylinder block is the main body of the engine. It provides a structure to hold the cylinders, pistons, and other internal components. It is usually made of strong and durable cast iron, which can withstand high pressure and heat generated during engine operation. For example, in a common diesel engine used in excavators, the cylinder block has precise holes machined for the pistons to move up and down smoothly.
Pistons---Pistons are key moving parts inside the cylinders. They transfer the force generated by the combustion of fuel to the crankshaft through the connecting rods. Pistons are typically made of aluminum alloy to reduce weight while maintaining sufficient strength. They have piston rings installed on them to ensure good sealing between the piston and the cylinder wall, preventing gas leakage.
Crankshaft---The crankshaft converts the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotational motion. It is a sturdy and precisely machined component. It has crank pins and main journals. The connecting rods are attached to the crank pins, and the crankshaft rotates on the main bearings located on the main journals. This rotation is then transmitted to the transmission system to drive the excavator's working parts.
Camshaft---The camshaft controls the opening and closing of the engine's valves. It has cams with specific profiles. As the camshaft rotates, the cams actuate the valve lifters, which in turn open and close the intake and exhaust valves at the right time to ensure proper air intake and exhaust of combustion gases.
Valves---There are intake valves and exhaust valves. The intake valve allows fresh air (in the case of a diesel engine, along with fuel in the combustion chamber later) to enter the cylinder, while the exhaust valve discharges the burned gases after combustion. They are made of heat-resistant materials to withstand the high temperatures in the combustion chamber.
Intake and Exhaust Manifolds---The intake manifold distributes the incoming air evenly to each cylinder. The exhaust manifold collects the exhaust gases from the cylinders and guides them to the exhaust system for proper emission. They are usually made of metal pipes or castings with appropriate shapes and sizes to meet the flow requirements of the engine.
This is just a basic overview of the main parts of an excavator engine. For more detailed information and maintenance instructions, please refer to the complete engine manual.